Evaporator



Dec. 22, 1925 I M. J. KERMER EVAPORATOR Filed Aug. 15, 1923 Patented Dec. 22, 1925.

UN'1TED..STA TE$3 "Manna? J. KERME}, ornvaivs'romILLi noIsi i j j nvnronnron. l

Application filed, August 15, 1923'. SeriaLNa. 65735015.

To: LZZZi/LliiLQm z'ztmu zy cionc'erw', p ui Be it'known that I, HAR'rrN J. KERMER,a

citizen of the United :StateS, residing, at

from the heating agency by utilizing the differences in temperature in the path'oficirculation of the heated material. 1 j Evaporators of the type referred to contain a chamberwithin .which is "located a bank or deck of tubes thru which the liquid to be heated will pass." The space around the outside of the tubes is separated from the liquid within the chamber and steam is admitted into the outer space into contact with the exterior surfaces of the .tubes tov raise the temperature of the liquid within the.

tubes and chamber.

'It has heretofore been the custom to water. of condensation from another evaporator, of a series of eflects, to the aforesaid steam space. W hen this water of condensation enters this-steam space it comes in with .such force and violence that it splashes up on the outside surfaces of the tubes and covers large parts oftheirsurfaces, thus preventing the contained steam .from making contact therewith and, since the'heated -water does 'not give up its heat so readily. as does the steam, even at a lower temperature, the available heating surfaces of the tubes is thus diminished and the capacity efliciency decreased.

Another objection to admitting the water of condensation into the space about the tubes is due to the fact that the staggered arrangement of the tubes causes them to interpose considerable resistance to the flow of the Water, unnecessarily delaying its exit from the evaporator.

In carrying my invention into effect .I provide a special unobstructed annular path for the water of condensation from the previous. evaporator, thruwhich this water may quickly .pass to theh'exitz and whichpath is locatedin a horizontal plane below the lower end of the tubes, thus preventing the water, or any partzof it, from making" contact with the outer surfaces -*of the tubes. Fur- 1 ,thermore, I I'restrict the liquid. down-take, withinthe evaporating chamber, near the lower end; ofithis conduit, to accelerate the movement of :theliquid, as it is about 1 to enter thelower ends of the tubes, utilizingthe velocityof; the liquid in making more active circulation thru'the' tubes and'cau'sing great- .er. absorptionbf heat.

,Other objects, advantages and benefits will readily appear to persons skilled: in the art, from a consideration of the following a description when takenin conjunction wit the drawing forming a part hereof, where Fig. 1 isa section taken'on line 11 of. :Fig. 2. I

Fig. 2 is a part elevation and part section .taken ona plane extending thru'the longi-' tudinal axis of the device. 3

In both views the same-reference charare p yed o indicate imilar. parts. v

The drawings'are typical of evaporators in general use with my, improvements embodied therein, or composing a part thereof.

In the structure illustrated the outer casing 5 contains an evaporating. chambercomprising an upper chamber '6, alower, chamber 7 ,and a conneoting-downtake 8, the

latterextending thru'th'eldeck 9 containing the bank oftubes 10. .The down-take tube is downwardly tapering, being considerably "restricted atits lower end to accelerate the movement of liquid. as it is about to enter the lower ends of the tubes'10,'-.whichi.are

.in the pathcfcirculation.::- The'tubes 10 of the bank also connect the chambers, 6 and 7.

The chamber or down-take 8 is surrounded by a'relatively large tapered tube 11, which extends below the lower wall 12 of the deck 9. The deck 9comprises the heating chamber bounded by the upper and lower crown plates 12, and the portion of the outside casing 5 and the'tapered tube 11 connecting said crown plates 12. Between the tube 11 ioo and the inner row of tubes 10 an annular 4 A pipe 15 passes thru the wall 16 of the v casing into the trough 14 and on its upper end issecured a right angle elbo-w 17.

The heating water of condensationisintroduced into the evaporator thru the pipe 15. The elbow 17 directs it into the circular path provided by the trough 14; in the di-o re-ction shown by the arrows. Steam is immediately evolved from the heated water passing rapidly thru the trough and rises into the space within the deck, contacting all. at. the: exterior. surfaces of the tubes 10, and contributing ':to ,the heating. efiect of the steamaalready in this space. The water finds:':eXit-2tl1ru the-pipe .118. q

:A partition 1 9Ein the; trough 14 prevents the wiater-from continuing its movement thru the trough. I The trough 1e also recei'vestheswater of:condensation from the steam. admitted through the steamp-ipe22.

:and'some vapor is drawn from the interior of the deck thru' the pipe 20*bythe same means that exhausts-the: chambers 63, 7

and 8. A valve 21 controls-the attenuation ofthefluid.or-vapor Content of theevaporating chamber.

--ar fteri the hot water under pressure has made, one circuit thru the annular trough 1 i, -it will-have givenofi all of the steam or vapor admissible, due to vdiiferences of pressure;- ,and, therefore, it may be quickly passed on to the evaporator of the next stage or effect, 7

The temperature of the liquid :within the tubes 10 is higher than that in the subchambersfi, 7 and '8; and, therefore, the actionof the-water in-the. tubes is to rise into chamber 6, whereupon, as a result of displacement, water will 'flow into: the lower Bate'nt,"i's:

1. An evaporator comprising a casing scribe my name.

containinganevaporating chamber; a deck containing tubes connecting parts of the evaporating chamber separated by the deck; a steam chamber in-the deck containing the tubes and separated from the evaporating chamber; a trough in the steam chamber fully open to said steam chamber for conductingiwater-through the steam chamber and located below the tubes and means for forcibly projecting and directing the water thru thetrough.

vi 2 An evaporator comprisin a casing containing. an evaporating cham er; a deck containing'itubes connecting par-ts -;of the evaporating chamber separated by the deck;

a steam chamber in the; deckcontaining the tubes and-separated from the evaporating chamber; an annular'trough in the steam chamber i ull-y. open tothe steam chamber and located: below the tubes, and .a' nozzle in the trough to project water thruQthe trough. a r

3.- An evaporator comprising 1 a casing containing an evaporating chamber, a deck I containing circulating tubes dividing the chamber into anvupper and aylower subchamber; said sub-chambers connected by the tubes a steam chamber inthe deck containing "the tubes; an annular trough fully opening into; steam chamber, located below the tubes and spanning the space therebetween;1an;inlet and anofutlet .pipe connected tothe trough and a transversely extending partition in the trough between the, pipes.

4- In an evaporator,. an outer casing, a

pairof spac'e'd centrally apertured, 1upper and lower crown plates secured to said outer casing and a tapered tube joining the inner peripheries of said crown plates to enclose a heating chamber, tubes passing through said heating chamber and secured in vsaid crown plates, an annular trough in the bottom of said chamber, a. nozzle horizontally arranged in said trough to inject condensed heating fluid from without into said chamber, an outlet in the bottom of said trough near said nozzle, and a. partition'between saidmoutlet and nozzle;

In testimony -whereo-f I hereunto sub- MARTIN J. KER-MER. 

